Hacking
Unauthorized access to computer systems or networks with the intention of stealing information, causing damage, or disrupting operations.
Malware
Creation and distribution of malicious software (e.g., viruses, worms, Trojans, ransomware) to infect computers and steal data or gain unauthorized access.
Phishing
The fraudulent practice of sending emails, messages, or websites that appear to be from reputable sources to trick individuals into revealing sensitive information, such as passwords and credit card details.
Identity Theft
Stealing personal information, such as social security numbers, bank account details, or credit card information, to commit fraud or other illegal activities.
Cyberbullying
Using the internet and digital communication tools to harass, intimidate, or threaten individuals online.
Online Fraud
Deceptive practices to obtain money, goods, or services through false representations or promises.
Denial-of-Service (DoS) and Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks
Flooding a website or online service with excessive traffic to make it inaccessible to legitimate users.
Cyber Espionage
Unauthorized access to confidential or sensitive information for political, economic, or strategic gain.
Intellectual Property (IP) Theft
Unauthorized use or reproduction of copyrighted material, patents, trademarks, or trade secrets.
Online Scams
Various fraudulent schemes, such as lottery scams, romance scams, or investment scams, conducted online to trick individuals into giving away money or personal information.
Cyberstalking
Using electronic communications to repeatedly harass or threaten a person, causing fear or emotional distress.
Child Exploitation
Involves the production, distribution, or possession of child pornography or engaging in sexual activities with minors online.
